The control of transnational economic and financial crime (TEFC) belongs to two distinctly different registers : the judicial and customs. It involves actors who differ not only in their modes of action but even in their conceptions, and who have a history of working separately. The recent tendency to make the customs department a fully-fledged actor on the criminal justice scene is indicative of the gradual interpenetration of customs and criminal police conceptions, producing tension between the two institutions.